STDs are infectious diseases or infections that are transmitted from person to person through sexual contact, including sex, oral sex, and anal sex. However, there are other ways of transmission, such as through blood (contaminated syringe, blood transfusion, etc.) or from mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth. Half of new infections occur in people aged 15 to 24.

They include, among others, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia infections, genital herpes, bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas infections, human papillomavirus infections, hepatitis and the particularly important HIV infection.

STD diagnosis

STDs do not always have obvious symptoms, so the only way to diagnose them early is through regular, annual preventive screening.

Prevention

The most effective way to prevent sexual transmission of STDs is to avoid contact with body parts or fluids that could lead to transmission to an infected partner. Correct use of condoms reduces contact and risk. Although condoms are effective in limiting exposure, some transmission of the disease can occur even with condom use. 

Vaccines

There are vaccines that protect against some viral sexually transmitted diseases, such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and certain types of HPV. To ensure maximum protection, vaccination is recommended before the onset of sexual intercourse.

What should you do when you are diagnosed with an STD?

• start treatment immediately and follow the doctor's advice 
• abstain from sexual activity or use a condom while you are receiving treatment for an STD.
• Get a retest after treatment ends to make sure the STD has been successfully treated.

Many STDs can be successfully treated when diagnosed early. Do not try to treat a sexually transmitted disease yourself. These diseases are contagious and serious and you should definitely seek care from a doctor.