What is pelvic pain?

Pelvic pain can be a sign that there is a problem with one of the organs in a woman's pelvic area. This area includes the bladder, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and lower bowel.

Although pelvic pain often refers to pain in the area of women's internal reproductive organs, it can occur in either gender and can stem from other causes. 

What are the causes of pelvic pain?

Some possible causes of pelvic pain in women include:

• endometriosis
• fibroids
• ectopic pregnancy
• elimination
• premature birth
• appendicitis
• urological problems
• pelvic inflammatory disease
• ovulation
• ovarian cysts or other ovarian disorders
• cancer (cervix, uterus, or ovaries)

What are the symptoms associated with pelvic pain?

Many symptoms are associated with pelvic pain. Some of them include:

• cramps and period pain
• vaginal bleeding
• pain and difficulty urinating or frequent urination
• constipation or diarrhea
• bloating or gas
• tired legs with a feeling of heaviness, especially at the beginning of the period 
• pain during sexual intercourse

How is the cause of pelvic pain diagnosed?

When diagnosing the cause of pelvic pain, your symptoms and medical history are evaluated. A physical exam and/or other tests may also help diagnose the cause of pelvic pain. 

How is pelvic pain treated?

Treatment for pelvic pain varies depending on what the cause is, how severe the pain is, and how often it occurs. Sometimes pelvic pain is treated with medications, including antibiotics if necessary. If the pain results from a problem with one of the pelvic organs, treatment may include surgery.