What is menopause?

A woman around the age of 50 notices changes in her menstrual cycle, until eventually menstruation stops. It is a normal part of aging and marks the end of your reproductive years.

Menopause usually occurs in the late 40s to early 50s. However, women who have their ovaries surgically removed undergo "sudden" surgical menopause.

Why does menopause happen?

Menopause is defined as 12 months without a period, in the absence of any surgical intervention or medical condition that can cause artificial cessation of bleeding. As we age, our reproductive cycle begins to slow down and prepares to stop. This cycle has been running continuously since puberty. As menopause approaches, the ovaries produce decreasing amounts of estrogen. When this decrease occurs, your period begins to change. Your cycle may become irregular and then stop. The symptoms you experience during each stage of menopause (perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause) are all part of your body’s adjustment to these changes. The length of each stage of the menopause transition can vary for each person. The average length of menopause is about four years. Some women may only be in this stage for a few months, while others will be in this transitional phase for more than four years. 

What is premature menopause?

Menopause, when it occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, is considered normal and a part of aging. However, some women may experience menopause early, either as a result of surgery (such as removal of the ovaries) or damage to the ovaries (such as from chemotherapy). Menopause that occurs before the age of 45, regardless of the cause, is called premature menopause.

Can menopause be treated?

Menopause is a natural process that our bodies go through. In some cases, you may not need any treatment for menopause. When discussing menopause treatment, it is about treating the symptoms of menopause that are disrupting your life. There are many different types of treatments for menopause symptoms. The main types of treatment for menopause are:

• Hormonal therapies 
• Non-hormonal treatments 

It is important to talk to your gynecologist while you are in menopause to create a treatment plan that works for you. Every person is different and has unique needs.